Monaco (french)/Munegu (monégasque/ligurian)

                                                              s. VIII a.c – 53 a.c: Ligures/Ligure

 

                                                              53 a.c – 476 d.c: Rome/Roma/Romma

 

                                                              476 – s. VI: Ostrogoths/Ostrogòdi/Ostrogòddi

 

                                                               s. VI – s. VII: Byzantine/Byzantin/Bizantin

 

                                                              s. VII – 774: Lombards/Lombardi/Lömbardi

 

                                                              774 – 975: Franks/Francs/Franchi

 

                                                              975 – s. XI: Arabs/Arabes/Arabi

 

                                                              s. XI – 1174: Ligures/Ligure

 

                                                              1174 – 1428: Genoa/Gênes/Zena/Zêna

 

                                                              1428 – 36: Milan/Milàn

 

                                                               1436 – 1641: Genoa/Gênes/Zena/Zêna

 

                                                              1641 – 1793: Principality/Principauté/Prinçipatu/Principæ

 

                                                              1793 – 1814: France/France/Fransa

 

                                                              1814: Austria/Autriche

 

                                                              1814 – 15: British/Britanniques/Britànichi/Britànnichi

 

                                                              1815 – 1942: Principality/Principauté/Prinçipatu/Principæ

 

                                                             1942 – 43: Italy/Italie/Italia

 

                                                              1943 – 44: Germany/Allemagne/Germania

 

                                                              1944 -: Principality/Principauté/Prinçipatu/Principæ

 

Princes/Prìnci                                                                                                                                                 Ministers of States/ Ministres d'Etat/Ministri d’U Stato/Ministri d’u Statu

                                                             1889 – 1922: Albert I

                                                               1911 – 17: Émile Flach

                                                             1922 – 49: Louis II

                                                               1918 – 19: Georges Jaloustre

                                                              1949 – 2005: Rainier III

                                                               1919 – 23: Raymond Le Bourdon

                                                              2005 -: Albert II

                                                                 1923 – 32: Maurice Piette

 

                                                               1932: Henri Mauran

 

                                                             1932 – 37: Maurice Bouilloux-Lafont

 

                                                              1937: Henri Mauran

 

                                                              1937 – 44: Émile Roblot

 

                                                               1944: Pierre Blanchy

 

                                                                1944 – 48: Pierre de Witasse

 

                                                                1948 – 49: Pierre Blanchy

 

                                                             1949 – 50: Jacques Léon Rueff

 

                                                              1950 – 53: Pierre Voizard

 

                                                               1953 – 59: Henry Soum

 

                                                               1959 – 62: Émile Pelletier

 

                                                                1962 – 63: Pierre Blanchy

 

                                                                1963 – 66: Jean Émile Reymond

 

                                                              1966 – 69: Paul Demange

 

                                                             1969 – 72: François-Didier Gregh

 

                                                               1972 – 81: André Saint-Mleux

 

                                                                1981 – 85: Jean Herly

 

                                                              1985 – 91: Jean Ausseil

 

                                                              1991 – 94: Jacques Dupont

 

                                                              1994 – 97: Paul Dijoud

 

                                                               1997 – 2000: Michel Lévêque

 

                                                               2000 – 05: Patrick Leclercq

 

                                                              2005 – 10: Jean-Paul Proust

 

                                                              2010 – 16: Michel Roger

 

                                                              2016 – 20: Serge Telle

 

                                                              2020 - 24: Pierre Dartout

Netherlands/Nederland (dutch)

                                                              5300 a.c – 3400 a.c: Swifterbant

 

                                                            3400 a.c – 3000 a.c: Funnelbeaker/ Trechterbeker

 

                                                              3000 a.c – 2300 a.c: Corded Ware/Touwbeker

 

                                                              2000 a.c – 800 a.c: Urnfield/Urnenvelden

 

                                                               800 a.c – 450 a.c: Hallstatt

 

                                                              450 a.c – 57 a.c: La Tène

 

                                                              57 a.c – 410 d.c: Rome

 

                                                              410 – 490: Frisii

 

                                                              490 – 962: Franks/Franken

 

                                                     962 – 1018: Holy Roman Empire/ Heilige Roomse Rijk

 

                                                              1018 – 1425: County of Flanders/Graafschap Vlaanderen

 

                                                              1425 – 82: Burgundian/Bourgondische

 

                                                             1482 – 1556: Austria/ Oostenrijk

 

                                                              1556 – 81: Spain/Spanje

 

                                                              1581 – 1796: State-General/Staat-generaal 

 

                                                             1796 – 1810: France/ Frankrijk

 

                                                              1810: Commonwealth/ Gemenebest

 

                                                              1810 – 13: France/ Frankrijk

 

                                                          1813 – 15: United Netherlands/Verenigd Nederland

 

                                                              1815 – 1940: Kingdom/ Koninkrijk

 

                                                               1940 – 45: Germany/ Duitsland

 

                                                              1945 -: Kingdom/ Koninkrijk

 

Queens/Koninginnen                                                                                                                          Prime Ministers/Ministers-president

                                                               1890 – 1948: Wilhelmina

                                                              1897 – 1901: Nicolaas Gerard Pierson

                                                              1948 – 80: Juliana

                                                               1901 – 05: Abraham Kuyper

                                                               1980 – 2013: Beatrix

                                                               1905 – 08: Theodoor Herman de Meester

King/Koning

                                                               1908 – 13: Theodoorus Heemskerk

                                                              2013 -: Willem-Alexander

                                                       1913 – 18: Pieter Willem Adriaan Cort van der Linden

 

                                                 1918 – 25: Charles Joseph Maria Ruys de Beerenbrouck

 

                                                               1925 – 26: Hendrikus Colijn

 

                                                              1926 – 29: Dirk Jan de Geer

 

                                                 1929 – 33: Charles Joseph Maria Ruys de Beerenbrouck

 

                                                               1933 – 39: Hendrikus Colijn

 

                                                               1939 – 40: Dirk Jan de Geer

 

                                                              1940 – 45: Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy

 

                                                               1945 – 46: Willem Schermerhorn

 

                                                               1946 – 48: Louis J.M. Beel

 

                                                               1948 – 58: Willem Drees

 

                                                              1958 – 59: Louis J.M. Beel

 

                                                               1959 – 63: Jan Eduard de Quay

 

                                                               1963 – 65: Victor Marijnen

 

                                                              1965 – 66: Joseph Cals

 

                                                               1966 – 67: Jelle Zijlstra

 

                                                               1967 – 71: Piet de Jong

 

                                                               1971 – 73: Barend Willem Biesheuvel

 

                                                               1973 – 77: Joop den Uyl

 

                                                              1977 – 82: Dries van Agt

 

                                                               1982 – 94: Ruud Lubbers

 

                                                               1994 – 2002: Wim Kok

 

                                                               2002 – 10: Jan Peter Balkenende

 

                                                                2010 - 24: Mark Rutte