Israel/ יִשְרָאֵל (Yisra'el) (hebrew)/إِسرائيل (Isrā'īl) (arabic)

                                 3000 a.c – 1480 a.c: Canaanites/כנען (Kana)/ كنعانيون  (Canaanyon)

 

                                                1480 a.c – 1200 a.c: Egypt/מצרים (Mitzra'JIm)/ مصر (Miṣr)

 

                                 1200 a.c – 1020 a.c: Hebrew/עברים (ʿIvrim)/ عبري (‘Ibri)

 

                                      1020 a.c – 730 a.c: Kingdom/ממלכה (Malchut)/ مملكة (Mamlakat)

 

                                                      730 a.c – 604 a.c: Assyrian/אשור (Ashor)/ آشور (Ashuri)

 

                                                         604 – 539 a.c: Babylonia/בבלי. (Bavli)/ بلاد بابل (Babel)

 

                                                          539 a.c – 332 a.c: Persia/פרסים  (Parass)/ فرس (Furs)

 

                             332 a.c – 301 a.c: Macedonia/מקדוניה (Mcdonia)/ مقدونيا (Maqdoonya)

 

                       301 a.c – 198 a.c: Ptolemaic/התלמיית /  البطلمية (al-Batlamiya)

 

                                     198 a.c – 135 a.c: Seleucid/הסלאוקית (Ascident)/ سلوقيون (Slogion)

 

                                                   135 a.c – 63 a.c: Judah/מַמְלֶכֶת (Yehuda)/يهوذ ا (Yahoudh)

 

                                                              63 a.c – 395 d.c: Rome/רומא (Roma)/ روما (Roma)

 

                                                             395 – 628: Byzantine/הביזנטית / البيزنطية (al-Pizentia)

 

                              628 – 638: Sassanian/הסאסאנית (Hassasanite) / ساسانيون (Sassanyon)

 

                                            638 – 661: Rashidun/ראשידון (Rashidun)/ ٱلرَّاشِدَةُ (ar-Rāšidah)

 

                                                     661 – 750: Umayyad/ בית אומיה /(al-ʾUmawīyah) ٱلْأُمَوِيَّة

 

                                        750 – 1099: Abbasid/עבאס  (Abaas)/ الخلافة العباسية‎ (Al-Abasiyah)

 

                                              1099 – 1244: Kingdom/הממלכה (Malchut)/ مملكة (Mamlakat)

 

                                                  1244 – 63: Abbasid/עבאס(Abaas) / ٱلْعَبَّاسِيَّةُ (al-ʿAbbāsīyah)

 

                                                               1263 – 91: Egypt/מצרים (Mitzra'JIm) / مِصر‎ (Miṣr)

 

                                            1291 – 1516: Abbasid/עבאס (Abaas) / ٱلْعَبَّاسِيَّةُ (al-ʿAbbāsīyah)

 

                       1516 – 1917: Ottoman/העות'מאנית (Haut'manite) / العثمانية (al-Othmaniyya)

 

                                                  1917 – 22: British/בריטים (Brittima)/ بريطاني (Brittani)

 

1922 – 23: League of Nations/חבר הלאומים (Heber haleumim)/ عصبة الأمم  (Asba al-am)

 

                                             1923 – 1948: British/בריטים (Brittima)/ بريطاني (Brittani)

 

                                                               1948 -: State/ מְדִינַת (Medinat)/ دولة (Dawlat)

 

Lieutenant-governors/סגן מושלים (Segen moshel)/ نواب حكام (Malazem al-hakkam)

                                                                  1897 – 1901: Tevfik Bey טביק ביי

                                                            1901 – 02: Mehmed Çevad Pasha מחמד צ'בד פאשה محمد جواد باشا

                                                           1902 – 04: Osman Kazim Bey  עוסמאן קאזים ביי عثمان كاظم بك

                                                            1904 – 06: Ahmed Reshid Pasha אחמד רשיד פשה احمد رشيد باشا

                                                              1906 – 08: Ali Ekrem Bey עלי עקרם ביי علي أكرم بك

 

                                                               1908 – 09: Subhi Bey סובחי ביי  صبحي بك

                                                                1909 – 10: Nazim Bey נאצים ביי ناظم بك

                                                                1910 – 11: Azmi Bey עזמי ביי  عزمي بك

                                                               1911 – 12: Çevdet Bey צ'בדט ביי سيفدت بك

                                                               1912 – 13: Tahir Hayreddin Bey טאהיר הירדין ביי طاهر خير الدين بك

                                                                1913 – 15: Ahmed Macid Pasha אחמד מקיד פאשה احمد مسيد باشا

                                                                1916 – 17: Midhad Bey מידהד ביי مدهاد بك

Military Administrators/מנהלים צבאיים (Manheliem tsvaan)/ الجيش الإداريين (Messoulon al-askarion)

                                    1917 – 18: Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby אדמונד אלנבי إدموند ألنبي

 

                                                               1918 – 19: Arthur Wigram Money ארתור ויגרם כסף آرثر ويغرام موني

                                                               1919 – 20: Louis Jean Bols לואי ג'ין בולס لويس بولس

 

High Commissioners/נציבים עליונים (Netzibim elionim)/ مندوب سامي  (al-Mfoudoun al-samioun)

                                              1920 – 25: Herbert Louis Samuel הרברט סמואל هربرت صموئيل

 

              1925 – 28: Herbert Charles Onslow Plumer הרברט פלומר هربرت تشارلز أونسلو بلومر

 

                                                              1928: Harry Charles Luke הארי לוק هاري لوك

 

                                                  1928 – 31: John Robert Chancellor ג'ון צ'נסלור جون تشانسلور

 

                                            1931: Mark Aitchison Young מארק איצ'יסון יאנג مارك ايتكيسون يونج

 

                                  1931 – 38: Arthur Grenfell Wauchope ארתור ווקופ ارثر جرينفيل واوتشوپ

 

                             1938 – 44: Harold Alfred MacMichael הרולד מקמייקל  هارولد ألفريد ماكمايكل

 

1944 – 45: John Standish Surtees Prendergast Verekerג'ון ורקר, ויקונט גורט השישי جون فيريكير

 

                           1945 – 48: Alan Gordon Cunningham אלן גורדון קנינגהם آلان جوردون كننغهام

 

Chairmen of the Provisional State Council/יושבי ראש מועצת המדינה הזמנית (Yoshavee rosh moetzet hamedina hazamanit)/ رؤساء مجلس الدولة المؤقت (Rasa majalles al-dawlat al-muqat)

                                                              1948: David Ben-Gurion דָּוִד בֶּן גּוּרִיּוֹן دافيد بن غوريون

 

                                                  1948 – 49: Chaim Weizmann חַיִים וַיְצְמַן حاييم وايزمان

 

Presidents/נשיאים (Nashiaim)/ رئيس (Rasa)

                                                  1949 – 52: Chaim Weizmann חַיִים וַיְצְמַן حاييم وايزمان

 

                                                              1952: Yosef Sprinzak יוסף שפרינצק يوسف شبرينتساك

 

                                                            1952 – 63: Yitzhak Ben-Zvi יִצְחַק בֶּן-צְבִי إسحاق بن تسفي

 

                                                              1963: Kadish Luz קדיש לוז كاديش لوز

 

                                                              1963 – 73: Zalman Shazar זלמן שז"ר زلمان شازار

 

                                                               1973 – 78: Ephraim Katzir ‎ אפרים קציר‎ إفرايم كاتسير

 

                                                              1978 – 83: Yitzhak Navon יצחק נבון إسحاق نافون

 

                                                               1983 – 93: Chaim Herzog חיים הרצוג حاييم هرتصوغ

 

                                                              1993 – 2000: Ezer Weizman עֵזֶר וַיצְמָן عيزر فايتسمان

 

                                                              2000: Avraham Burg אברהם בורג إبراهيم بورغ

 

                                                              2000 – 07: Moshe Katzavמֹשֶׁה קַצָּב موشيه كتساف  

 

                                                              2007: Dalia Itzik  דליה איציק داليا إيتسيك

 

                                                              2007 – 14: Shimon Peres שִׁמְעוֹן פֶּרֶס شمعون بيريز

 

                                                              2014 -: Reuven Rivlin ראובן ריבלין رؤوفين ريفلين

 

Prime ministers/ראשי ממשלות (Rosch memschala)/ رَئِيسُ الْوُزَرَاءِ (Raisu Wizara)

                                                       1948 – 53: David Ben-Gurion דָּוִד בֶּן גּוּרִיּוֹן دافيد بن غوريون

 

                                                              1953 – 55: Moshe Sharett  משה שרת موشيه شاريت

 

                                                       1955 – 63: David Ben-Gurion דָּוִד בֶּן גּוּרִיּוֹן دافيد بن غوريون

 

                                                             1963 – 69: Levi Eshkol לֵוִי אֶשְׁכּוֹל ليفي أشكول

 

                                                              1969: Yigal Allon יִגְאַל אַלּוֹן إيغال آلون

 

                                                               1969 – 74: Golda Meir גולדה מאיר جولدا مائير

 

                                                              1974 – 77: Yitzhak Rabin יִצְחַק רָבִּין إسحاق رابين

 

                                                               1977: Shimon Peres שִׁמְעוֹן פֶּרֶס شمعون بيريز

 

                                                              1977 – 83: Menachem Begin  מנחם בגין مناحم بيجن 

 

                                                              1983 – 84: Yitzhak Shamir  יצחק שמיר إسحاق شامير

 

                                                             1984 – 86: Shimon Peres שִׁמְעוֹן פֶּרֶס شمعون بيريز 

 

                                                              1986 – 92: Yitzhak Shamir יצחק שמיר إسحاق شامير 

 

                                                              1992 – 95: Yitzhak Rabin יִצְחַק רָבִּין إسحاق رابين

 

                                                              1995 – 96: Shimon Peres שִׁמְעוֹן פֶּרֶס شمعون بيريز

 

                                          1996 – 99: Benjamin Netanyahu בִּנְיָמִין «בִּיבִּי» נְתָנְיַהוּ بنيامين نتنياهو

 

                                                              1999 – 2001: Ehud Barak  אֵהוּד בָּרָק إيهود باراك

 

                                                               2001 – 06: Ariel Sharon אֲרִיאֵל שָׁרוֹן أرئيل شارون

 

                                                               2006 – 09: Ehud Olmert אהוד אולמרט إيهود أولمرت

 

                                                 2009 -: Benjamin Netanyahu בִּנְיָמִין «בִּיבִּי» נְתָנְיַהוּ بنيامين نتنياهو

 

Jerusalem/ יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushaláyim) (hebrew)

Mayors (Turkish Rule)/ראשי ערים  (שלטון טורקי) (Rabbi erim (shalton turkit)

                                                         1899 - 1907: Yusuf Diyauddin al-Khalidi יוסף אל-ח'אלידי

 

                                                               1907 – 09: Faidi al-Alami פיידי אל-עלמי

 

                                                               1909 – 17: Hussein Bey al-Husayni חוסיין אל-חוסייני

 

Mayors (British Rule)/ראשי ערים (שלטון בריטי) (Rabbi erim (shalton habriti)

                                                                 1917: Bill Borton ביל בורטון

                                                               1917 – 20: Ronald Storrs רונלד סטורס

 

                                                              1917 –18: Aref al-Dajani עארף א-דג'אני

 

                                                  1918 – 20: Musa Qassem al-Husseini מוסא כאזם אל-חוסייני 

 

                                                               1920 – 34: Ragheb Nashashibi  ראע'ב נשאשיבי

 

                                                          1934 – 37: Hussein Fakhri al-Khalidi חוסיין אל-ח'אלידי

 

                                                               1937 – 38: Daniel Auster דניאל אוסטר

 

                                                              1938 – 44: Mustafa al-Khalidi מוסטפא אל-ח'אלידי 

 

                                                              1944 – 45: Daniel Auster דניאל אוסטר

 

West Jerusalem Mayors (Israeli Rule)/(שלטון ישראלי) ראשי עיריית מערב ירושלים (Rabbi erim Maarav Yerushaláyim (shalton Israeli)

                                                              1948 – 49: Dov Joseph דב יוסף

 

                                                              1949 – 50: Daniel Auster ‎דניאל אוסטר

 

                                                              1950 – 52: Shlomo Zalman Shragai זלמן שרגאי

 

                                                              1952 – 55: Yitzhak Kariv יצחק קריב

 

                                                               1955 – 59: Gershon Agronגרשון אגרון

 

                                                              1959 – 65: Mordechai Ish-Shalom מרדכי איש-שלום ‎

 

                                                              1965 – 93: Theodor Kollek  טדי קולק

 

                                                               1993 – 2003: Ehud Olmert אֶהוּד אוֹלְמֶרְט

 

                                                              2003 – 08: Uri Lupolianski אורי לופוליאנסקי

 

                                                              2008 – 18: Nir Barkat נִיר בַּרְקָת

 

                                                               2018 -: Moshe Lion משה ליאון

 

                                                                                                                                      Palestine/ فلسطين‎ (Filasṭīn) (arabic)

                                                              3000 a.c – 1950 d.c: Israel/إِسرائيل (’Isrā'īl)

 

                                                              1950 – 56: Jordan/ الأردن(al-Urdunn)

 

                                                              1956 – 57: Israel/إِسرائيل (’Isrā'īl)

 

                                                      1957 – 67: United Nations/الأمم المتحدة (al-Am Methade)

 

                                                              1967 – 1988: Israel/إِسرائيل (’Isrā'īl)

 

                                                               1988 – 2002: State/دولة (Dawlat)

 

                                                              2002: Israel/إِسرائيل (’Isrā'īl)

 

                                                               2002 – 07: State/دولة (Dawlat)

 

                                                              2007 – 14: Hamas/حماس

 

                                                               2014 -: State/ دولة (Dawlat)

 

President of the Supreme Council/رئيس المجلس الأعلى (Rais majlis al-ala)

                                          1948 – 52: Haji Muhammad Amin al-Husseini أمين الحسيني

 

Presidents of the Palestinian Authority/رؤساء السلطة الفلسطينية (Rasa salata al-Fulastinia)

                                                              1994 – 2004: Yasser Arafat ياسر عرفات

 

                                                               2004: Ahmed Qureia أحمد علي محمد قريع

 

                                                               2004 – 05: Rauhi Fattouh  روحي فتوح 

 

                                                               2005 -: Mahmoud Ridha Abbas  محمد اشتية

 

Prime ministers/رَئِيسُ الْوُزَرَاءِ (Raisu Wizara)

                                                        1948 – 52: Ahmad Abd al-Baqi Hilmi أحمد حلمي عبد الباقي

 

                                                               2003: Mahmoud Ridha Abbas  محمود رضا عباس‎

 

                                                               2003 – 05: Ahmed Qureia أحمد علي محمد قريع

 

                                                               2005: Nabil Shaath نبيل شعث

 

                                                               2005 – 06: Ahmed Qureia  أحمد علي محمد قريع 

 

                                                               2006 – 07: Ismail Haniya إسماعيل هنية  

 

                                                               2007 – 13: Salam Fayyad  سلام فياض 

 

                                                               2013 – 19: Rami Hamdallah  رامي حمدالله 

 

                                                              2019 -: Muhammad Shtayyeh محمد اشتية

 

East Jerusalem/القدس الشرقية (Al Quds al Sharqiya) (arabic)

Mayors/عمدة (el-Amad)

                                                              1948: Abdullah al-Tal  عبدالله التل 

 

                                                               1948 – 50: Anwar al-Khatib أنور الخطيب

 

                                                               1950 – 51: Aref al-Aref  عارف العارف‎

 

                                                                1951 – 52: Hanna Atallah حنا عطا الله

                                                               1952 – 55: Omar Wa'ari عمر الوعري

 

                                                              1955: Aref al-Aref حنا عطا الله

 

                                                              1957 – 67: Ruhi al-Khatib روحي الخطيب

 

                             1967: Shlomo Lahat شلومو لاهات (Israeli Ocuppation) (الاحتجاج الإسرائيلي) 

 

                                                               1967 – 99: Amin al-Majaj أمين المجاج

                                    1999 – 2001: Faisal Abdul Qader al-Husseini فيصل عبدالقادر الحسيني

 

                                                              2001 – 06: Sari Nusseibeh سري نسيبة

 

                                                               2006: Khaled Abu Arafa  خالد ابو عرفة

 

                                                                2006 – 07: Mahmoud Tota محمود توتا

                                                               2007 – 09: Hatem Abdel Qader حاتم عبد القادر

 

                                                               2009 – 12: Salam Fayyad سلام فياض

 

                                                               2012 – 18: Adnan Husseini عدنان غالب الحسيني

 

                                                                2018 -: Adnan Adel Ghaith عدنان غيث