theheadofstateword

Seychelles (english/french)/Sesel (seychellois creole)

1742 – 1810: France/Lafrans

1810 – 1970: British/Britanique/Britanik

1970 – 75: Autonomy/Autonomie/Lotonami

1975 – 76: State/Etat/Leta

1976 -: Republic/Republique/Repiblik

Administrators/ Administrateur/Administrater

1899 – 1904: Ernest Bickham Sweet-Escott

Governors/Gouverneur/Gouverne

1904 – 12: Walter Edward Davidson

1912 – 18: Charles Richard Mackey O'Brien

1918 – 22: Eustace Edward Twistleton-Wykeham-Fiennes

1922 – 27: Joseph Aloysius Byrne

1927 – 28: Malcolm Stevenson

1928 – 34: de Symons Montagu George Honey

1934 – 36: Gordon James Lethem

1936 – 42: Arthur Francis Grimble

1942 – 47: William Marston Logan

1947 – 51: Percy Selwyn Selwyn-Clarke

1951 – 53: Frederick Crawford

1953 – 58: William Addis

1958 – 61: John Kingsmill Thorp

1962 – 67: Julian Edward George Asquith

1967 – 69: Hugh Selby Norman-Walker

1969 – 73: Bruce Greatbatch

1973 – 75: Colin Hamilton Allan

High Commissioner/ Haut-commissaire/Lakour Konmisyoner

1975 – 76: Colin Hamilton Allan

Presidents/Prezidan

1976 – 77: James Richard Marie Mancham

1977 – 2004: France-Albert René

2004 – 16: James Alix Michel

2016 – 20:Danny Antoine Rollen Faure

2020 -: Wavel John Charles Ramkalawan

Somalia/ Soomaaliya (somali)/ الصومال (As-Sūmāl) (arabic)

890 – 900: Shewa

900 – 1548: Adal/Cadal/ عدل (Adala)

1548 – 1877: Ottoman/Cosmaniya/العثمانية (al-Othmaniyya)

1877 – 1905: Egypt/Masar / مصر (Misr)

1905 – 41: Italy/Talyaaniga/إيطاليا (Hetalia)

1941 – 60: British/Ingiriis/بريطاني (Brittani)

1960 – 69: State/Dawlad/ دولة (Dawlat)

1969 – 91: Democratic Republic/Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga( الجمهورية الديمقراطية (al-Jumhuriyya ad-Dīmuqrāţiyya)

1991 -2012: Republic/Jamhuuriyadda/ جمهورية (al- Jumhūrīyāt)

2012 -: Federal Republic/ Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka/جمهورية فيدرالية (al-Jamhouriya al-Athadiyya)

Governor/ Gudoomiye/حاكم (Hakkam) Prime Ministers/ Ra'iisul wasaare/رَئِيسُ الْوُزَرَاءِ (Raisu Wizara)

1898 – 1905: Emilio Dulio إميليو دوليو

1957 – 60: Abdullahi Issa Mohamud/ Cabdullaahi Ciise/عبد الله عيسى محمد

Commissioners-general/Komishanka guud/المفوضون العامون (al-Mfoudoun al-amoon)

1960: Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal/ Maxamed Xaaji Ibraahim Cigaal/محمد الحاج ابراهيم ايغال

1905 – 06: Luigi Mercatelli لويجي ميركاتلي

1960 – 64: Abdirashid Shermarke/ Cabdirashiid Cali Sharmaarke/ عبد الرشيد علي شارماركي

1906 – 07: Giuseppe Salvago Raggi جوزيبي سالفاجو راجي

1964 – 67: Abdirizak Haji Hussein/ Cabdirisaaq Xaaji Xuseen/عبد الرزاق حاجي حسين

1907 – 08: Tommaso Carletti توماسو كارليتي

1967 – 69: Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal/ Maxamed Xaaji Ibraahim Cigaal/ محمد الحاج ابراهيم ايغال

Governors/Gudoomiye /حاكم (Hakkam)

1987 – 90: Muhammad Ali Samatar/ Maxamed Cali Samatar/محمد علي سمتر

1908 – 10: Tommaso Carletti توماسو كارليتي

1990 – 91: Muhammad Hawadle Madar/Maxamed Xawaadle/محمد حواضلي مذر

1910 – 16: Giacomo De Martino جياكومو دي مارتينو

1991 – 93: Umar Arteh Ghalib/ Cumar Carte Qaalib/عمر عرتي غالب

1916 – 19: Giovanni Cherina Ferroni جيوفاني سيرينا فيروني

2001: Osman Jama Ali/ Cismaan Jaamac Cali/يوسف علي

1920 – 23: Carlo Ricci كارلو ريتشي

1923 – 28: Cesare Maria De Vecchi سيزار ماريا دى فيكى

2001 – 03: Hassan Abshir Farah/ Xasan Abshir Faarax/‎حسن ابشير فرح

1928 – 31: Guido Corni جويدو كورنى

2003 – 04: Muhammad Abdi Yusuf/Maxamed Cadi Yuusuf/محمد يوسف عبدي

1931 – 35: Maurizio Rava ماوريتسيو رافا

2004 – 07: Ali Muhammad Ghedi/ Cali Maxamed Geedi/علي محمد جيدي

1935 – 36: Rodolfo Graziani رودولفو غراتسياني

2007: Salim Aliyow Ibrow/ Saalim Caliyoow Ibroow/سالم علييوو ايبرو‎

1936: Angelo De Ruben أنجيلو دي روبين

2007 – 09: Nur Hassan Hussein Adde/ Nuur Xasan Xuseen Cadde/ ‎نور حسن حسين‎‎

1937 – 40: Francesco Saveno Caroselli فرانشيسكو سافيريو كاروسيلي

2009 - 10: Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke/ Cumar Cabdirashiid Cali Sharmaarke/عمر شرماركي

1940: Gustavo Pesenti جوستافو بيسنتي

2010: Abdiwahid Ilmi Omar Gonjeh/ Cabdiwaaxid Cilmi Cumar Goonjeex/وحيد عبدي علمي غونجاه

1940 – 41: Carlo De Simone كارلو دي بيترو

2010 – 11: Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed Farmajo/ Maxamed Cabdillaahi Maxamed Farmaajo/محمد عبدالله محمد

Administrators/ Maamulayaasha/المسؤولين (Messouline)

2011 – 12: Abdiweli Mohamed Ali/ Abdiweli Maxamed Cali/عبدالولي محمد علي

1941: Reginald Hugh Dorman-Smith ريجنالد سميث

2012 – 13: Abdi Farah Shirdon/ Cabdi Faarax Shirdoon/ عبدي فارح شردون

1941 – 43: William Eric Halstead Scuphan وليام إريك هالستيد سكوفان

2013 – 14: Abdiweli Sheikh Ahmed/ Cabdiweli Sheekh Axmed/عبدالولي الشيخ أحمد

1943 – 48: Denis Henry Widcham دينيس هنري ويدشام

2014 – 17: Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke/ Cumar Cabdirashiid Cali Sharmaarke/عمر شرماركي

1948: Eric Armar Vully de Candole إريك أرمار فوللي دي كاندول

2017 – 20: Hassan Ali Khayre/Xasan Cali Khayre/حسن علي خيري

1948 – 49: Geoffrey Massey Gamble جيفري ماسي جامبل

2020: Mahdi Mohamed Guled/Mahdi Maxamed Guuleed/مهدي محمد جوليد خضر

1949 – 53: Giovanni Fornari جيوفاني فورناري

2020 -: Mohamed Hussein Roble/Maxamed Xuseen Rooble/محمد حسين روبلي

1954 – 57: Enrico Martino إنريكو مارتينو

1957 – 58: Enrico Anzilotti إنريكو أنزيلوتي

1958 – 60: Mario Di Stefano

Presidents/Madaxweyne/رئيس (Rasa)

1960 – 67: Aden Abdullah Osman Daar/ Aaden Cabdulle Cismaan Daar/آدم عبد الله عثمان دعر

1967 – 69: Abdirashid Ali Shermarke/ Cabdirashiid Cali Sharmaarke/عبد الرشيد علي شارماركي

1969: Sheikh Moktar Muhammad Husayn/ Sheekh Mukhtaar Maxamed Xuseen/الشيخ محمد حسين مختار

1969 – 91: Muhammad Siad Barre/ Maxamed Siyaad Barre/محمد سياد بري

1991 – 95: Ali Mahdi Muhammad/ Cali Mahdi Maxamed/علي مهدي محمد‎

1995 – 96: Mohamed Farrah Aidid / Maxamed Faarax Caydiid/ محمد فرح عيديد

1996 – 97: Hussein Mohamed Farrah/ Xuseen Maxamed Faarax/محمد فرح عيديد

1997 – 2000: Ali Mahdi Muhammad/ Cali Mahdi Maxamed/ علي مهدي محمد‎,Aden Abdullahi Nur Gabyow/Aadan Cabdillaahi Nuur/ عدن عبد الله نور, ,Osman Hassan Ali Ato/Cusmaan Xasan Cali Caato/ عثمان حسن علي عطو

2000 – 04: Abdiqasim Salad Hassan/ Cabdiqaasim Salaad Xasan/ عبدي قاسم صلاد حسن

2004 – 08: Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed/ Cabdullaahi Yuusuf Axmed/عبد الله يوسف أحمد

2008 – 09: Sheikh Aden Mohamed Nuur Madobe/ Sheekh Aadan Maxamed Nuur Madoobe/آدم محمد نور مادوبي

2009 – 12: Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed/ Shariif Sheekh Axmed/ شريف شيخ أحمد

2012 – 17: Hassan Sheikh Mahamud/ Xasan Sheekh Maxamuud/ حسن شيخ محمود

2017 -: Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed/Maxamed Cabdillaahi Maxamed/محمد عبد الله محمد

South Sudan (english)

1550 a.c – s. X d.c: Sudan

s. X – 1820: Dinka

1820 – 2005: Sudan

2005 – 11: Autonomous

2011 -: Republic

Chairmen of the Southern Region High Executive Council

1972 – 78: Abel Alier

1978 – 80: Joseph Lagu

1980 – 81: Abel Alier

1981 – 82: Gismalla Abdalla Rassas

1982 – 83: Joseph James Tombura

1985 – 86: James Loro

Chairmen of the Council for the South

1987 – 88: Matthew Abor Ayang

1988 – 89: Angelo Beda

Chairmen of the Southern Sudan Coordination Council

1997 – 2000: Riek Machar Teny

2000 – 02: Galwak Deng

2002 – 05: Riek Gai Kok

Presidents of the Government of Southern Sudan

2005: John Garang de Maboir

2005 – 11: Salva Kiir Mayardit

Presidents

2011 -: Salva Kiir Mayardit

Tanzania (english/swahili)

957 – 1698: Sultanate/Usultani

1698 – 1861: Oman/Omani

1861 -85: Sultanate/Usultani

1885 – 1916: Germany/Ujerumani

1916 – 61: British

1961 – 62: State/Hali

1962 – 64: Republic/Jamhuri

1964 -: United Republic/Jamhuri ya Muungano

Governors/Gavana Prime Ministers/Waziri Mkuu

1896 – 1901: Eduard von Liebert

1960 – 62: Julius Kambarage Nyerere

1901 – 06: Gustav Adolf Graf von Götzen

1962: Rashidi Mfaume Kawawa

1906 – 12: Georg Albrecht Freiherr von Rechenberg

1962 – 72: Julius Kambarage Nyerere

1912 – 18: Albert Heinrich Schnee

1972 – 77: Rashidi Mfaume Kawawa

Administrator/Watawala

1977 – 80: Edward Moringe Sokoine

1916 – 20: Horace Archer Byatt

1980 – 83: Cleopa David Msuya

Governors/Gavana

1983 – 84: Edward Moringe Sokoine

1920 – 25: Horace Archer Byatt

1984 – 85: Salim Ahmed Salim

1925 – 31: Donald Charles Cameron

1985 – 90: Joseph Sinde Warioba

1931 – 34: George Stewart Symes

1990 – 94: John Samuel Malecela

1934 – 38: Harold Alfred MacMichael

1994 – 95: Cleopa David Msuya

1938 – 41: Mark Aitchinson Young

1995 – 2005: Frederick Tluway Sumaye

1941 – 45: Wilfrid Edward Francis Jackson

2005 – 08: Edward Ngoyai Lowassa

1945 – 49: William Denis Battershill

2008 – 15: Mizengo Kayanza Peter Pinda

1949 – 58: Edward Francis Twining

2015-: Majaliwa Kassim Majaliwa

1958 – 61: Richard Gordon Turnbull

Governor-general/Gavana mkuu

1961 – 62: Richard Gordon Turnbull

Presidents/Marais

1962 – 85: Julius Kambarage Nyerere

1985 – 95: Ali Hassan Mwinyi

1995 – 2005: Benjamin William Mkapa

2005 – 15: Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete

2015 – 21: John Pombe Joseph Magufuli

Uganda (english/swahili)

300 – 1300: Bantu

1300 – 1890: Kingdom/Ufalme

1890 – 1962: British

1962 – 67: State/Hali

1967 – 79: Republic/Jamhuri

1979 – 81: Tanzania

1981 -: Republic/Jamhuri

Commissioners/Makamishna Chief Ministers/Waziri mkuu

1899 – 1901: Harry Hamilton Johnston

1961 – 62: Benedicto Kiwanuka

1901 – 07: James Hayes Sadler

Prime Ministers/Waziri Mkuu

1907 – 10: Henry Hesketh Joudou Bell

1962: Benedicto Kiwanuka

Governors/Magavana

1962 – 71: Apolo Milton Obote

1910 – 11: Harry Edward Spiller Cordeaux

1980 – 85: Erifasi Otema Allimadi

1911 – 18: Frederick John Jackson

1985: Paulo Muwanga

1918 – 22: Robert Thorne Coryndon

1985 – 86: Abraham Waligo

1922 – 25: Geoffrey Francis Archer

1986 – 91: Samson Kisekka

1925 – 32: William Frederick Gowers

1991 – 94: George Cosmas Adyebo

1932 – 35: Bernard Henry Bourdillon

1994 – 99: Kintu Musoke

1935 – 40: Philip Euen Mitchell

1999 – 2011: Apolo Nsibambi

1940 – 45: Charles Cecil Farquharson Dundas

2011 – 14: Amama Mbabazi

1945 – 52: John Hathorn Hall

2014 -: Ruhakana Rugunda

1952 – 57: Andrew Benjamin Cohen

1957 – 61: Frederick Crawford

1961 – 62: Walter Fleming Coutts

Governor-general/Magavana mkuu

1962 – 63: Walter Fleming Coutts

Buganda Kings/ Wafalme ya Buganda

1897 – 1939: Daudi Cwa II

1939 – 53: Edward Mutebi Mutesa II

1953 – 55: Paulo Kavuma

1955: Badru Kakungulu

1955 – 66: Edward Mutebi Mutesa II

1993 -: Ronald Muwenda Mutebi II

Uganda Presidents/Marais ya Uganda

1963 – 66: Edward Mutebi Mutesa II

1966 – 71: Apolo Milton Obote

1971 – 79: Idi Amin Dada

1979: Yusufu Kironde Lule

1979 – 80: Godfrey Lukongwa Binaisa

1980: Paulo Muwanga

1980: Saulo Musoke

1980 – 85: Apolo Milton Obote

1985: Basilio Olara Okello

1985 – 86: Tito Lutwa Okello

1986 -: Yoweri Kaguta Museveni

Zambia (english)

2000 a.c – 1550 d.c: Bantu

1550 – 1894: Kingdom

1894 – 1964: British

1964 -: Republic

North-Eastern Rhodesia

1897 – 1907: Robert Edward Codrington

1907 – 09: Lawrence Aubrey Wallace

1909 – 11: Leicester Paul Beaufort

1911: Hugh Charlie Marshall

Administrators

1911 – 21: Lawrence Aubrey Wallace

1921 – 23: Francis Drummond Percy Chaplin

1923 – 24: Richard Allmond Jeffrey Goode

Governors

1924 – 27: Herbert James Stanley

1927: Richard Allmond Jeffrey Goode

1927 – 32: James Crawford Maxwell

1932 – 35: Ronald Storrs

1935 – 38: Hubert Winthrop Young

1938 – 41: John Alexander Maybin

1941: William Marston Logan

1941 – 47: Eubule John Waddington

1947 – 48: Robert Christopher Stafford Stanley

1948 – 54: Gilbert McCall Rennie

1954: Alexander Thomas Williams

1954 – 59: Arthur Edward Trevor Benson

1959 – 64: Evelyn Dennison Hone

Presidents

1964 – 91: Kenneth David Kaunda

1991 – 2002: Frederick Chiluba

2002 – 08: Levy Patrick Mwanawasa

2008 – 11: Rupiah Bwezani Banda

2011 – 14: Michael Chilufya Sata

2014 – 15: Guy Lindsay Scott

2015 -: Edgar Chagwa Lungu

Zimbabwe (english/shona)

? - 1075: Khoisan

1075 – 1220: Kingdom of Mapungubwe/Umambo

1220 – 1450: Kingdom/Umambo

1450 – 1760: Mutapa

1760 – 1889: Rozvi

1889 – 1970: British

1970 – 79: Republic/Dziko

1979 – 80: British/Britain

1980 – 91: State/Dziko

1991 -: Republic/Dziko

Southern Rhodesia Administrators/Vatariri dza seSouthern Rhodesia

1897 – 1901: William Henry Milton

Rhodesia Administrators/ Vatariri

1901 – 14: William Henry Milton

1914: Francis James Newton

1914 – 23: Francis Drummond Percy Chaplin

Rhodesia Governors/Magavhuna

1923 – 28: John Robert Chancellor

1928: Murray Bisset

1928 – 34: Cecil Hunter-Rodwell

1934 – 35: Alexander Fraser Russell

1935 – 42: Herbert James Stanley

1942: Alexander Fraser Russell

1942 – 44: Evelyn Baring

1944 – 45: Robert James Hudson

1945 – 46: William Eric Campbell Tait

1946: Alexander Fraser Russell

1946 – 47: Robert James Hudson

1947 – 53: John Noble Kennedy

1953 – 54: Robert Clarkson Tredgold

1954 – 59: Peveril Barton Reiby Wallop William-Powlett

1959 – 65: Humphrey Vicary Gibbs

Officer Administering

1965 – 70: Clifford Walter Dupont

Apartheid Presidents/Mapurezidhendi

1970 – 75: Clifford Walter Dupont

1975 – 76: Henry Breedon Everard

1976 – 78: John James Wrathall

1978: Henry Breedon Everard

1978 – 79: Jack William Pithey

1979: Henry Breedon Everard

Zimbabwe Rhodesia President/Mapurezidhendi

1979: Josiah Zion Gumede

Governor/Magavhuna

1979 – 80: Christopher John Soames

Zimbabwe Presidents/Mapurezidhendi

1980 – 87: Canaan Sodindo Banana

1987 – 2017: Robert Gabriel Mugabe

2017: Phelekezela Mphoko

2017 -: Emmerson Dambudzo Mnangagwa